KES
Search
- Page Path
- HOME > Search
Original Articles
- Thyroid
- Natural Course of Cytologically Benign Thyroid Nodules: Observation of Ultrasonographic Changes
- Dong Jun Lim, Jee Young Kim, Ki Hyun Baek, Mee Kyoung Kim, Woo Chan Park, Jong Min Lee, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha
- Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28(2):110-118. Published online June 18, 2013
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2013.28.2.110
- 4,273 View
- 37 Download
- 18 Web of Science
- 23 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
PubReader Background The natural course of cytologically benign thyroid nodules remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ultrasonographic (US) changes are associated with changes in nodule volume during follow-up.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed over 4 years of clinical records of patients with benign thyroid nodules as confirmed by fine needle aspiration (FNA). In total, 186 patients with 202 benign thyroid nodules were included for study. We assessed for changes in nodule volume and examined the cystic portion of the nodule as well as four US features (echogenicity, margin, calcification pattern, and shape).
Results During follow-up (mean, 21.7±10.7 months) and using 50% as a cutoff value, nodule volumes increased in 11.8%, exhibited no change in 79.9%, and decreased in 8.3% of patients. Proportion of nodules demonstrating at least one US change was 20.8% (42/202). The most common US changes (in descending order of frequency) were cystic change, margin change, and calcification pattern change. Nodule shape and echogenicity rarely changed. Increased nodule volume was not significantly associated with any US features or with the number of FNAs but was associated with younger age at time of diagnosis.
Conclusion Although a portion of thyroid nodules confirmed as benign showed US changes or volume changes during the follow-up period, these findings may only represent the natural course of benign nodules. Frequent follow-up with US might be needed for only a small number of cases with suspicious US findings.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Follow-up of benign thyroid nodules confirmed by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy after inconclusive cytology on fine-needle aspiration biopsy
Yoon Ji Hwang, Hye Ryoung Koo, Jeong Seon Park
Ultrasonography.2023; 42(1): 121. CrossRef - Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Approach and Outcome of Thyroid Incidental Findings vs. Clinically Overt Thyroid Nodules: An Observational Single-Centre Study
Tom Jansen, Nike Stikkelbroeck, Annenienke van de Ven, Ilse van Engen-van Grunsven, Marcel Janssen, Han Bonenkamp, Martin Gotthardt, Romana T. Netea-Maier
Cancers.2023; 15(8): 2350. CrossRef - Association between various thyroid gland diseases, TSH values and thyroid cancer: a case–control study
Leif Schiffmann, Karel Kostev, Matthias Kalder
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2020; 146(11): 2989. CrossRef - TI-RADS und andere sonografische Klassifikationssysteme für Schilddrüsenknoten
Julian M. M. Rogasch, Christoph Wetz, Winfried Brenner
Onkologie up2date.2020; 2(03): 223. CrossRef - TI-RADS und andere sonografische Klassifikationssysteme für Schilddrüsenknoten
Julian M.M. Rogasch, Christoph Wetz, Winfried Brenner
Radiopraxis.2020; 13(01): E1. CrossRef - Changes of Nodular Size and Its Risk Factors in Iodine-Sufficient Area: a Retrospective Cohort Analysis of 7753 Thyroid Nodules
Hwa Young Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Hoon Sung Choi, Jae Hoon Moon, Ka Hee Yi, Min Kyung Hyun, Min Joo Kang, Jung Im Shim, Ja Youn Lee, Do Joon Park, Young Joo Park
International Journal of Thyroidology.2020; 13(2): 118. CrossRef - Comparison of Natural Course between Thyroid Cancer Nodules and Thyroid Benign Nodules
Kyun-Jin Yun, Jeonghoon Ha, Min-Hee Kim, Ye Young Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Ki-Ho Song, Moo Il Kang, Ki-Hyun Baek
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2019; 34(2): 195. CrossRef - Risk factors for hypothyroidism in euthyroid thyroid nodule patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis on fine needle aspiration cytology
Jeong-Min Lee, Jeonghoon Ha, Kwanhoon Jo, Yejee Lim, Min-Hee Kim, Chan-Kwan Jung, So-Lyung Jung, Moo-Il Kang, Bong-Yun Cha, Dong-Jun Lim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2019; 34(6): 1287. CrossRef - Evaluation of the natural course of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly
Sema Ciftci Dogansen, Artur Salmaslioglu, Gulsah Yenidunya Yalin, Seher Tanrikulu, Sema Yarman
Pituitary.2019; 22(1): 29. CrossRef - TI-RADS und andere sonografische Klassifikationssystemefür Schilddrüsenknoten
Julian M.M. Rogasch, Christoph Wetz, Winfried Brenner
Der Nuklearmediziner.2019; 42(03): 206. CrossRef - Molecular profiling of thyroid nodule fine-needle aspiration cytology
Markus Eszlinger, Lorraine Lau, Sana Ghaznavi, Christopher Symonds, Shamir P. Chandarana, Moosa Khalil, Ralf Paschke
Nature Reviews Endocrinology.2017; 13(7): 415. CrossRef - Diagnostic accuracy of thyroid nodule growth to predict malignancy in thyroid nodules with benign cytology: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Naykky Singh Ospina, Spyridoula Maraka, Ana Espinosa DeYcaza, Derek O'Keeffe, Juan P. Brito, Michael R. Gionfriddo, M. Regina Castro, John C. Morris, Patricia Erwin, Victor M. Montori
Clinical Endocrinology.2016; 85(1): 122. CrossRef - Rapid thyroid nodule growth is not a marker for well-differentiated thyroid cancer
Claudius Falch, Steffen Axt, Bettina Scuffi, Alfred Koenigsrainer, Andreas Kirschniak, Sven Muller
World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2015;[Epub] CrossRef - Predicting the Size of Benign Thyroid Nodules and Analysis of Associated Factors That Affect Nodule Size
Seok Ho Seo, Tae Hyun Kim, Soon Ho Kim, Seung Hyun Lee, Jong Taek Kim, Dae Won Park, Dong Chul Lee
Chonnam Medical Journal.2015; 51(2): 97. CrossRef - Thyroid ultrasound findings in a follow-up survey of children from three Japanese prefectures: Aomori, Yamanashi and Nagasaki
Naomi Hayashida, Misa Imaizumi, Hiroki Shimura, Fumihiko Furuya, Noriyuki Okubo, Yasushi Asari, Takeshi Nigawara, Sanae Midorikawa, Kazuhiko Kotani, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Akira Ohtsuru, Takashi Akamizu, Masafumi Kitaoka, Shinichi Suzuki, Nobuyuki Taniguchi, S
Scientific Reports.2015;[Epub] CrossRef - Brief Review of Articles in 'Endocrinology and Metabolism' in 2013
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2014; 29(3): 251. CrossRef - Natural Course of Cytologically Diagnosed Benign Thyroid Nodules
Eun-Kyung Kim
Journal of Korean Thyroid Association.2014; 7(2): 136. CrossRef - Ruling in or ruling out thyroid malignancy by molecular diagnostics of thyroid nodules
Markus Eszlinger, László Hegedüs, Ralf Paschke
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2014; 28(4): 545. CrossRef - Insufficient Experience in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Leads to Misdiagnosis of Thyroid Cancer
Jung Il Son, Sang Youl Rhee, Jeong-taek Woo, Won Seo Park, Jong Kyu Byun, Yu-Jin Kim, Ja Min Byun, Sang Ouk Chin, Suk Chon, Seungjoon Oh, Sung Woon Kim, Young Seol Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2014; 29(3): 293. CrossRef - Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Non-Diagnostic Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology: Usefulness of the Thyroid Core Needle Biopsy
Sung Hak Lee, Min Hee Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Dong Jun Lim, So Lyung Jung, Chan Kwon Jung
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2014; 21(6): 1870. CrossRef - Letter: Natural Course of Cytologically Benign Thyroid Nodules: Observation of Ultrasonographic Changes (Endocrinol Metab 2013;28:110-8, Dong Jun Lim et al.)
Sun Wook Cho
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2013; 28(3): 241. CrossRef - Natural Course of Benign Thyroid Nodules
Kyung Won Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2013; 28(2): 94. CrossRef - Response: Natural Course of Cytologically Benign Thyroid Nodules: Observation of Ultrasonographic Changes (Endocrinol Metab 2013;28:110-8, Dong Jun Lim et al.)
Dong Jun Lim, Ki Hyun Baek
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2013; 28(3): 243. CrossRef
- Follow-up of benign thyroid nodules confirmed by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy after inconclusive cytology on fine-needle aspiration biopsy
- Correlation between S100A4 and COX2 Overexpression and Invasiveness of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.
- Kyungji Lee, Youn Soo Lee, Kyo Young Lee, Woo Chan Park, Young Sil Kim
- J Korean Endocr Soc. 2008;23(3):186-192. Published online June 1, 2008
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2008.23.3.186
- 1,530 View
- 19 Download
-
Abstract
PDF
- PURPOSE: Tumor cell invasion is characteristic of malignant neoplasms. S100A4, a member of a family of small calcium binding proteins, and COX2, seem to have a role in promoting progression and invasion of many human cancers. The clinical stage of a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) depends on age, tumor size, and extrathyroidal extension. Extrathyroidal extension is correlated with the invasiveness of a tumor. However, there are no reliable prediction markers for invasiveness. We evaluated S100A4 and COX2 expression in PTCs to determine if expression correlates with invasiveness, and if expression of S100A4 and COX2 are useful as prediction markers. METHODS: The expression of S100A4 and COX2 were evaluated using immunohistochemical analysis in 35 PTC specimens. RESULTS: More intense staining in cells that invaded the front portion rather than the central portion of a PTC was indicative of increased expression of S100A4 and COX2. Therefore, cases were analyzed for extent of staining in tumor cells that invaded the front portion of a PTC. High expression group (higher expression than average expression rate) of S100A4 and COX2 were significantly correlated with extrathyroidal extension (P = 0.0094 and P = 0.0433, respectively). However, no other clinicopathological factors including age, lymph node involvement, and multiplicity were related to expression of S100A4 and COX2, as determined in this study. CONCLUSION: Extrathyroidal extension of a PTC had an unfavorable effect on prognosis. S100A4 and COX2 expression were associated with extrathyroidal extension. These findings suggest that expression of S100A4 and COX2 could be prognostic markers for PTC.
First
Prev
